These levels of processing can lead to the incorporation of sensory perceptions into memory, but more importantly, they lead to a response. In the cerebral cortex, the initial processing of sensory perception progresses to associative processing and then integration in multimodal areas of cortex. Let’s start with sensory stimuli that have been registered through receptor cells and the information relayed to the CNS along ascending pathways. However, the muscles that are responsible for the basic process of breathing are also utilized for speech, which is entirely voluntary. One example is the ability of our breathing to switch to unconscious control while we are focused on another task. However, some aspects of the somatic system use voluntary muscles without conscious control. The term “voluntary” suggests that there is a conscious decision to make a movement. Somatic senses inform the nervous system about the external environment, but the response to that is through voluntary muscle movement.
The defining characteristic of the somatic nervous system is that it controls skeletal muscles. Describe several reflex arcs and their functional roles.Explain the initiation of movement from the neurological connections.Compare different descending pathways, both by structure and function.Describe the pathway of descending motor commands from the cortex to the skeletal muscles.List the components of the basic processing stream for the motor system.By the end of this section, you will be able to:
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